For foreign residents living in Japan under a work visa, quitting a job often raises an important question:
How long can I stay in Japan without working?
Japanese immigration law does not allow unlimited unemployment, but the rules are often misunderstood. This article explains the basic framework in clear and practical terms.

 

The Meaning of the “Three-Month Rule”

 

Under Japanese immigration law, if a foreign resident does not engage in activities permitted under their visa for more than three months without a legitimate reason, their status of residence may become subject to revocation.
This does not mean that your visa is automatically canceled after three months. Instead, immigration authorities gain the legal authority to begin revocation procedures, depending on your situation.

 

Legitimate Reasons for Being Unemployed

 

Even if you are unemployed for more than three months, your visa is not usually revoked immediately if you have a legitimate reason.
Actively looking for a job is one of the most important factors. Regular visits to Hello Work, job applications, and interviews clearly show your intention to continue working in Japan.
Medical treatment, injury, or unavoidable family circumstances may also be accepted as valid reasons.
However, at your next visa renewal, immigration is likely to ask why your unemployment period was long, and you may need to submit written explanations and supporting documents.

 

Required Procedures After Quitting Your Job

 

To protect your immigration status during unemployment, certain procedures are essential.
You must notify immigration within 14 days after leaving your job. This notification helps demonstrate that you are complying with immigration rules.
Registering with Hello Work is also strongly recommended, as it serves as official proof that you are actively seeking employment.

 

When Your Visa Expiration Is Approaching

 

If you cannot find a new job before your visa expires, applying for a change to Designated Activities (Job Hunting) status may be necessary.
This status allows you to remain in Japan for job-hunting purposes for a limited period, usually in six-month increments.

 

Important Warning About Part-Time Work

 

Work visa holders are generally not allowed to support themselves through part-time or simple labor jobs unless they have obtained proper permission.
Unauthorized work can seriously harm future visa applications.

 

Final Thoughts

 

Finding a new job within three months is ideal, but immigration decisions are based on your actions and intentions, not just time.
By following the correct procedures and keeping clear records of your job search, you can significantly reduce immigration risks during unemployment.
If you are unsure about your current situation, professional advice can help you make the right decision.

 

If you are thinking about obtaining, changing, or renewing your residence status (VISA), please consult our office.
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就労系の在留資格で日本に住んでいる外国人にとって、退職後に「どれくらい無職でいられるのか」は非常に重要な問題です。
日本では、無職の状態が無制限に認められているわけではありません。

 

「3か月ルール」の本当の意味

 

入管法では、正当な理由なく3か月以上、在留資格に応じた活動を行っていない場合、在留資格が取消しの対象になり得ると定められています。
ただし、3か月を超えたからといって、自動的にビザが取り消されるわけではありません。

 

正当な理由がある場合

 

3か月を超えて無職であっても、積極的に就職活動をしている場合は、すぐに問題になることは通常ありません。
ハローワークの利用、求人への応募、面接の記録などは、「日本で働く意思がある」ことを示す重要な証拠になります。病気やけが、やむを得ない家庭事情なども、正当な理由として考慮される場合があります。
ただし、次回の更新時には、無職期間についての説明や資料提出を求められる可能性が高くなります。

 

退職後に必ず行うべきこと

 

退職後14日以内に入管へ届出を行うことは義務です。これを行わないと、活動実態がないと判断されやすくなります。また、ハローワークへの登録は、就職活動をしている証明として非常に有効です。

 

在留期限が近い場合

 

再就職が決まらないまま在留期限が近づいている場合は、特定活動（就職活動）への在留資格変更を検討する必要があります。

 

アルバイトに関する注意点

 

就労ビザの方が、資格外活動許可なしにアルバイトをすることは原則認められていません。これは将来の在留資格申請に大きな悪影響を与えます。

 

まとめ

 

理想的には、3か月以内に次の仕事を見つけることが望ましいです。しかし、重要なのは「何をしていたか」です。
正しい手続きを行い、就職活動の実績を残すことで、無職期間中の入管リスクを大きく下げることができます。